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ATT&CK matrix

T1091

Replication Through Removable Media

19 CVEs mapped
TA0008Lateral MovementTA0001Initial Access
Adversaries may move onto systems, possibly those on disconnected or air-gapped networks, by copying malware to removable media and taking advantage of Autorun features when the media is inserted into a system and executes. In the case of Lateral Movement, this may occur through modification of executable files stored on removable media or by copying malware and renaming it to look like a legitimate file to trick users into executing it on a separate system. In the case of Initial Access, this may occur through manual manipulation of the media, modification of systems used to initially format the media, or modification to the media's firmware itself. Mobile devices may also be used to infect PCs with malware if connected via USB.(Citation: Exploiting Smartphone USB ) This infection may be achieved using devices (Android, iOS, etc.) and, in some instances, USB charging cables.(Citation: Windows Malware Infecting Android)(Citation: iPhone Charging Cable Hack) For example, when a smartphone is connected to a system, it may appear to be mounted similar to a USB-connected disk drive. If malware that is compatible with the connected system is on the mobile device, the malware could infect the machine (especially if Autorun features are enabled).

Platforms1

Windows

CVEs mapped to this technique19

CVEDescriptionSeverityEPSSFlagsModified
CVE-2025-0282

A stack-based buffer overflow in Ivanti Connect Secure before version 22.7R2.5, Ivanti Policy Secure before version 22.7R1.2, and Ivanti Neurons for ZTA gateways before version 22.7R2.3 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution.

CRITICAL9.0
100%p100
KEV+RPoC
2026-06-17
CVE-2026-41940

cPanel and WHM versions after 11.40 contain an authentication bypass vulnerability in the login flow that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to gain unauthorized access to the control panel.

CRITICAL9.8
98%p100
KEV+RWeaponized
2026-06-17
CVE-2010-3962

Use-after-free vulnerability in Microsoft Internet Explorer 6, 7, and 8 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via vectors related to Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) token sequences and the clip attribute, aka an "invalid flag reference" issue or "Uninitialized Memory Corruption Vulnerability," as exploited in the wild in November 2010.

HIGH8.1
96%p100
KEVWeaponized
2026-06-16
CVE-2025-8088

A path traversal vulnerability affecting the Windows version of WinRAR allows the attackers to execute arbitrary code by crafting malicious archive files. This vulnerability was exploited in the wild and was discovered by Anton Cherepanov, Peter Košinár, and Peter Strýček from ESET.

HIGH8.8
95%p100
KEVPoC
2026-06-17
CVE-2026-1603

An authentication bypass in Ivanti Endpoint Manager before version 2024 SU5 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to leak specific stored credential data.

HIGH7.5
81%p100
KEV
2026-06-17
CVE-2012-4792

Use-after-free vulnerability in Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 8 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted web site that triggers access to an object that (1) was not properly allocated or (2) is deleted, as demonstrated by a CDwnBindInfo object, and exploited in the wild in December 2012.

HIGH8.8
79%p100
KEVWeaponized
2026-06-16
CVE-2024-37079

vCenter Server contains a heap-overflow vulnerability in the implementation of the DCERPC protocol. A malicious actor with network access to vCenter Server may trigger this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted network packet potentially leading to remote code execution.

CRITICAL9.8
22%p97
KEV
2026-06-17
CVE-2020-3198

Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco IOS Software for Cisco 809 and 829 Industrial Integrated Services Routers (Industrial ISRs) and Cisco 1000 Series Connected Grid Routers (CGR1000) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker or an authenticated, local attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected system or cause an affected system to crash and reload. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.

CRITICAL9.8
4.47%p90
2026-06-17
CVE-2015-1769

Mount Manager in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT Gold and 8.1, and Windows 10 mishandles symlinks, which allows physically proximate attackers to execute arbitrary code by connecting a crafted USB device, aka "Mount Manager Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."

MEDIUM6.6
4.34%p90
KEVPoC
2026-06-17
CVE-2025-21418

Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

HIGH7.8
1.54%p72
KEV
2026-06-17
CVE-2025-31277

The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in Safari 18.6, iOS 18.6 and iPadOS 18.6, macOS Sequoia 15.6, tvOS 18.6, visionOS 2.6, watchOS 11.6. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to memory corruption.

HIGH8.8
1.48%p71
KEVPoC
2026-07-15
CVE-2020-4068

In APNSwift 1.0.0, calling APNSwiftSigner.sign(digest:) is likely to result in a heap buffer overflow. This has been fixed in 1.0.1.

CRITICAL9.8
1.32%p68
2026-06-17
CVE-2020-12464

usb_sg_cancel in drivers/usb/core/message.c in the Linux kernel before 5.6.8 has a use-after-free because a transfer occurs without a reference, aka CID-056ad39ee925.

MEDIUM6.7
0.80%p53
2026-06-17
CVE-2020-7456

In FreeBSD 12.1-STABLE before r361918, 12.1-RELEASE before p6, 11.4-STABLE before r361919, 11.3-RELEASE before p10, and 11.4-RC2 before p1, an invalid memory location may be used for HID items if the push/pop level is not restored within the processing of that HID item allowing an attacker with physical access to a USB port to be able to use a specially crafted USB device to gain kernel or user-space code execution.

MEDIUM6.8
0.56%p43
2026-06-17
CVE-2020-15393

In the Linux kernel 4.4 through 5.7.6, usbtest_disconnect in drivers/usb/misc/usbtest.c has a memory leak, aka CID-28ebeb8db770.

MEDIUM5.5
0.43%p36
2026-06-17
CVE-2019-15959

A vulnerability in Cisco Small Business SPA500 Series IP Phones could allow a physically proximate attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the device. The vulnerability is due to the presence of development testing and verification scripts that remained on the device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by accessing the physical interface of a device and inserting a USB storage device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute scripts on the device in an elevated security context.

MEDIUM6.6
0.36%p29
2026-06-17
CVE-2020-12024

Baxter ExactaMix EM 2400 versions 1.10, 1.11, 1.13, 1.14 and ExactaMix EM1200 Versions 1.1, 1.2, 1.4 and 1.5 does not restrict access to the USB interface from an unauthorized user with physical access. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may allow an attacker with physical access to the system the ability to load an unauthorized payload or unauthorized access to the hard drive by booting a live USB OS. This could impact confidentiality and integrity of the system and risk exposure of sensitive information including PHI.

MEDIUM6.1
0.35%p27
2026-06-17
CVE-2018-15376

A vulnerability in the embedded test subsystem of Cisco IOS Software for Cisco 800 Series Industrial Integrated Services Routers could allow an authenticated, local attacker to write arbitrary values to arbitrary locations in the memory space of an affected device. The vulnerability is due to the presence of certain test commands that were intended to be available only in internal development builds of the affected software. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by using these commands on an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to write arbitrary values to arbitrary locations in the memory space of the affected device.

NONE
0.33%p25
2026-06-17
CVE-2020-9804

A logic issue was addressed with improved restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Catalina 10.15.5. Inserting a USB device that sends invalid messages may cause a kernel panic.

MEDIUM4.6
0.30%p22
2026-06-17